철도 종사자 인적 오류에 기여하는 수행도 영향 인자 식별

초록

This study aims to develop a foundational framework for Human Reliability Analysis (HRA) tailored to the railway domain by systematically identifying and structuring Performance Shaping Factors (PSFs) that influence human error. Nine representative HRA methodologies widely used in high reliability industries such as Nuclear Power Plan (NPP) and aviation were reviewed to extract PSFs with high applicability to railway operations. A preliminary PSF structure was constructed based on the SPAR-H framework and was further refined by integrating Hierarchical Task Analysis (HTA), Failure Modes and Effects Analysis (FMEA), and Task Decomposition (TD), along with analyses of real-world accident cases. As a result, a railway-specific PSF model consisting of eight upper-level categories and 46 sub-factors was proposed. Notably, new elements such as Operational Environment Standardization, and Clarity of Handover Procedures were introduced to address domain specific characteristics. The proposed structure enhances the standardization and reproducibility of HRA in the railway domain. Future work will involve incorporating physiological and operational data to determine PSF weightings, paving the way for a fully quantitative HRA methodology customized for railway applications.

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