미시교통시뮬레이션 기반 트램 우선신호 감응식 제어의 효과 분석

초록

This study models the 33.7 km circular alignment with 40 stations using a Wiedemann 99-based microscopic traffic simulator and compares fixed-time tram priority with detector-actuated transit signal priority (TSP) at the line level. Phase transitions use per-phase amber and all-red times derived from vehicle-class clearance calculations (cycle 105.5 s). In a full offset sweep, fixed-time intersection transit ranged from 13.8 to 52.7 s (range 38.9 s), whereas the actuated controller achieved 23.2±1.7 s (range 4.3 s), substantially reducing offset-related variability. Applying actuation to all 80 crossings increased tram commercial speed from 25.51 to 28.10 km/h (+10.1%), shortened loop time by 454.8 s, and reduced signal stops per loop by about 88%. With main-line passage detection maintaining the same saturated green ratio as the fixed plan (55.0%), car space-mean speed increased from 27.98 to 34.55 km/h (+23.5%) and mean travel time decreased from 145.58 to 116.18 s (？ 20.2%; both p<0.001). Removing the passage detectors reversed the result: car speed fell and all twelve seeds became over-saturated. Pedestrian actuation did not affect tram performance (？0.0%, p>0.05), while the car-speed cost increased with crossing demand, ranging from ？ 4.3% to ？ 7.5% under free actuation and from ？2.9% to ？4.0% under coordinated actuation. The findings show that the tram？ general traffic trade-off is not eliminated but selected as an operating point.

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