인체모형 실험 기반 보행안전 기준 개발 및 지하철 플랫폼 침수 시 보행안전 평가

초록

This study performed pedestrian safety experiments using human models representing adult males, adult females, elderly females, and children, and proposed pedestrian safety criteria according to sex and age. The human models were fabricated considering geometric scale and material density. Based on the experimental results, pedestrian instability formulas were derived for each group, and a four-level safety classification of Low, Moderate, Significant, and Extreme was proposed. Compared with conventional flood intensity-based criteria, the proposed criteria showed a smaller decrease in threshold water depth with increasing flow velocity, reflecting the effects of buoyancy, body weight, and drag associated with human body shape. In addition, pedestrian risk under the same inundation condition was evaluated differently depending on sex and age, indicating that a single criterion may not adequately explain the risk for vulnerable groups. Application of the proposed criteria to a subway platform inundation simulation showed high-risk areas near the lower part of the inflow stairs and around the stairs connected to B2F. In particular, relatively higher pedestrian risk was identified for middle-aged females and children. These results indicate that evacuation safety assessment in underground spaces should consider user characteristics as well as hydraulic conditions. The proposed criteria can be used for more realistic pedestrian safety assessment and evacuation planning.

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