교통카드 빅데이터를 활용한 수도권 전철 역사별 혼잡도 평가 연구

초록

This study proposes a multi-dimensional congestion assessment framework for 346 unique stations across 17 lines of the Seoul metropolitan railway network. Using January 2025 transportation card big data from the Seoul Open Data Plaza, four indicators were designed: daily density per area, passenger load per exit, peak-hour concentration ratio, and peak-hour density. After Min-Max normalization and weighted aggregation, a Congestion Index (CI) ranging from 0 to 100 was calculated and classified into five grades (A through E). Results show that 12 stations (3.5%) were rated as Grade E (severely congested) and 10 stations (2.9%) as Grade D (congested). Line-level analysis revealed that Line 2 exhibited the highest average CI of 38.7, with 9 of the top 10 most congested stations located on this line. The proposed framework provides a quantitative tool for comparing station-level congestion across the entire network, offering foundational data for prioritizing facility improvements and transportation planning.

키워드