Emergency Ventilation of a Rescue Station with lateral access in Very Long Rail Tunnel Using Reduced Scale Experiments

초록

This paper investigates the relationship between ventilation system and escape routes of an emergency rescue station with lateral access in the Sol-An Rail Tunnel by using the reduced scale experiments. It is very important that the performance of the smoke extraction system and the safety of passengers in the underground rescue station are validated for emergency situations. In this study, the experiments are performed by use of buoyant smoke with the 1:48 reduced scale models of the rescue station and the train. Also, the slope of tunnel and rescue station is applied to the experiment. The buoyant smoke is generated through the windows of the middle couch of the train of 11car unit in the running tunnel. The behaviors of smoke are observed under emergency operation mode of the ventilation system in the rescue station by using visualization techniques and the flow velocities at various positions in the tunnel are measured. For three possible positions on emergency stop of fire train in the running tunnel, ventilation strategies for the safe evacuation of the passenger are investigated. The Froude Scaling is applied in this experiment to practice the parametric study on the fire size from 0.31kW (5MW at full scale) up to 1.88kW (30MW at full scale). In this study, 1:48 reduced-scale model for the Adit #1 rescue station and its attached part composed of running tunnel with 1.3 km in length in an extreme long railroad tunnel (Sol-An Tunnel) was made. In case of train fire, an experimental method using thermal buoyant smoke was employed to verify whether the passengers who escaped from the train in three possible positions of the rescue station can safely evacuate through cross passages to rescue safety place or toward running tunnel without smoke and to verify the performance of smoke extraction at ventilation system.