최적설계 기반 시험-해석 상관화를 통한 트램 전면유리창 재료물성치 추정

초록

This study addresses the limitations of conventional correlation between finite element analysis and tests for tram windshields, which relied on repetitive manual adjustments. An optimization-based methodology was applied to obtain reliable material parameters for laminated glass. Headform impact tests were conducted on flat rectangular and real-world curved windshields, and the results were compared with FE simulations. Two objective functions, based on Head Injury Criterion (HIC) errors and acceleration time-history errors, were defined, and the latter was found to be more reasonable. Separate optimization problems were formulated depending on glass fracture, allowing efficient identification of key LS-DYNA material parameters. The proposed procedure reduces discrepancies between tests and simulations in acceleration curves, HIC, and crack propagation under diverse impact conditions, thereby enhancing the reliability of tram front-end design and crashworthiness evaluation.

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